Layer 7: Application

The Application Layer is the closest to the end user and provides network services to applications.

Key Points
  • Provides interfaces for applications to use network services
  • Handles high-level protocols and data manipulation
  • Manages application-specific network services
  • Examples include email clients, web browsers, and file transfer applications
  • Implements resource sharing and remote process access
  • Provides distributed information services
Attacks
  • SQL Injection: Inserting malicious SQL code into application queries to manipulate or retrieve data from the database.

  • Cross-Site Scripting (XSS): Injecting malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users, potentially stealing sensitive information or performing unauthorized actions.

  • DDoS Attacks: Overwhelming application resources with a flood of requests, making the service unavailable to legitimate users.